Krenak language
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| Krenak | |
|---|---|
| Botocudo | |
| Borum | |
| Native to | Brazil |
| Region | Minas Gerais |
| Ethnicity | 150 Botocudo (2006)[1] |
Native speakers | 10 (2006)[1] |
Macro-Gê
| |
| Dialects |
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| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | kqq |
| Glottolog | kren1239 |
| ELP | Krenak |
 | |
 Krenak is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. | |
The Krenak language, also Borum or Botocudo, is the sole surviving language of a small family believed to be part of the Macro-Gê languages. It was once spoken by the Botocudo people in Minas Gerais, but is known primarily by older women today.
Phonology
[edit]| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i ĩ | ɨ | u ũ |
| Close-mid | ə | ||
| Open-mid | ɛ ɛ̃ | ɔ ɔ̃ | |
| Open | a ɜ̃ |
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Post- alveolar |
Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | t | t͡ʃ | k | ʔ | |
| voiced | b | d | d͡ʒ | g | |||
| Nasal | voiceless | m̥ | n̥ | ɲ̊ | ŋ̊ | ||
| voiced | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |||
| Fricative | ʒ | h | |||||
| Tap | ɾ | ||||||
| Approximant | w | j | |||||
/h/ can also have an allophone of a velar [x].
Prenasal allophones [ᵐb, ⁿd, ⁿd͡ʒ, ᵑɡ] are heard as a result of a preceding nasal or nasal vowel before a voiced stop sound.[2]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Krenak at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Pessoa, Katia N. (2012). Análise fonética e fonológica da língua Krenak e abordagem preliminar de contos Botocudo (PDF). Campinas.
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