Simeulue language
| Simeulue | |
|---|---|
| Simolol | |
| Long Bano | |
| Native to | Indonesia |
| Region | Simeulue, Aceh, Sumatra |
| Ethnicity | Simeulue people |
Native speakers | (undated figure of 30,000)[1] |
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | smr |
| Glottolog | sime1241 |
The Simeulue language is spoken by the Simeulue people of Simeulue off the western coast of Sumatra, Indonesia.[1][2]
Names
[edit]Simeulue is also called Mae o, which literally means 'Where are you going?'. Ethnologue also lists Long Bano, Simalur, Simeuloë, Simolol, and Simulul as alternate names.
Varieties
[edit]Simeulue is spoken in five of eight districts (kecamatan) of Simeulue Regency and in the Banyak Islands, Aceh Singkil Regency. It includes at least three dialects.[3]
- Devayan: spoken in the four southern districts of Teupah Selatan, Simeulue Timur, Teupah Barat, and Teluk Dalam.
- Simolol (prestige dialect): spoken around Kampung Aie in Simeulue Tengah.
- Haloban: spoken in two villages in Banyak Islands, namely Haloban and Asantola.
Sikule and Leukon, related to Nias, is spoken in Salang, Alafan, and Simeulue Barat in northern Simeulue,[4] while Jamee (also called Kamano), related to Minangkabau, is spoken in the capital city of Sinabang and has become the lingua franca of the island.
Phonology
[edit]| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p b | t d | c ɟ | k g | ʔ |
| Fricative | s | h | |||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
| Approximant | w | r, l | j |
- The phonemes /d c ɟ g j ɲ/ do not appear word-finally.
- /ɲ/ also does not appear word-initially.
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | u | |
| Mid-high | e | ə | o |
| Mid-low | ɛ | ɔ | |
| Low | a |
Additionally, the following diphthongs have been observed: /au/, /ai/, /ɔi/.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b Simeulue at Ethnologue (16th ed., 2009)
- ^ "Tsunami 1907: Early Interpretation and its Development" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-26.
- ^ "Simeulue" (PDF), asiaharvest.org
- ^ Candrasari, Ratri. "Language Vitality of Leukon" (PDF). Eurasian Journal of Analytical Chemistry. 13 (6): 234–243.
- ^ a b Faridan, Abdullah; Ajies, A. Murad Em; Usman, Umar; Nuriah, T. A. (1981). Struktur bahasa Simeulue (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Further reading
[edit]- Aziz, Zulfadli A.; Amery, Robert (2016). "A Survey on the Status of the Local Languages of Pulau Simeulue and Pulau Banyak and Their Use within the Community". Proceedings of EEIC. 1 (2): 487–490.
- Candrasari, Ratri (2017). "Bahasa Devayan di Pulau Simeulue: Kajian Vitalitas Bahasa". Repositori Universitas Sumatera Utara.
- Faridan, Abdullah (1981). Struktur Bahasa Simeulue. Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa.
- Faridan, Abdullah (1983). Morfologi dan Sintaksis Bahasa Simeulue. Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa.
- Mahmud, Saifuddin; Sulaiman, Budiman (2000). Struktur Sastra Lisan Simeulue. Pusat Bahasa Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. ISBN 979-685-078-8.
- Usman, Umar; Faridan, Abdullah (1991). Sistem Morfologi Verba Bahasa Simeulue. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. ISBN 979459-1149.
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