Somaliland

state with limited recognition, republic, country
Part of	East Africa
Year dem found am	18 May 1991
Official name	Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliland, جمهورية أرض الصومال, Republika Somaliland
Native label	Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland, JSL
Official language	Somali, Arabic, English
Anthem	Samo ku waar
Continent	Africa
Capital	Hargeisa
Located in time zone	UTC+03:00
Located in/on physical feature	East Africa
Coordinate location	9°48′0″N 46°12′0″E
Highest point	Shimbiris
Office held by head of state	President of Somaliland
State ein head	Muse Bihi Abdi
Office head of government hold	President of Somaliland
Executive body	Government of Somaliland
Legislative body	Parliament of Somaliland
Central bank	Bank of Somaliland
Public holiday	Somaliland Independence Day, New Year's Day
Currency	Somaliland shilling, ZAAD
Dey share bother plus	Waqooyi-Bari, Ethiopia, Djibouti
Driving side	right
Dey follow	State of Somaliland
Dema official website	https://www.govsomaliland.org/
Hashtag	Somaliland
Flag	flag of Somaliland
Coat of arms	National Emblem of Somaliland
Geography of topic	geography of Somaliland
Get characteristic	partly free country
History of topic	history of Somaliland
Economy of topic	economy of Somaliland
Country calling code	+252
Category for maps or plans	Category:Maps of Somaliland

Somaliland, officially de Republic of Somaliland, be country dem no recognise am insyd de Horn of Africa, dem recognise am internationally as de jure part of Somalia.^[1]^[2]^[3] Edey locate insyd de southern coast of de Gulf of Aden den dey border Djibouti go de northwest, Ethiopia to de south den west, den Somalia to de east.^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7] Ein territory e claim get area of 176,120 square kilometres (68,000 sq mi),^[8] plus approximately 6.2 million residents as of 2024.^[9]^[10] De capital den largest city be Hargeisa. De Government of Somaliland dey regard ein self as de successor state to British Somaliland, wich, as de briefly independent State of Somaliland, dem unite from 1960 to 1991 plus de Trust Territory of Somaliland (de former Italian Somaliland) make dem form de Somali Republic.^[11]

History

Early modern sultanates

Isaaq Sultanate

Sultans of de Isaaq Sultanate
Name	Reign from	Reign till
Abdi Eisa (Traditional Chief)	Mid 1700s	Mid 1700s
Sultan Guled Abdi (First Sultan)	1750	1808
Sultan Farah Sultan Guled	1808	1845
Sultan Hassan Sultan Farah	1845	1870
Sultan Deria Sultan Hassan	1870	1939 (Creation of British Somaliland insyd 1884)
Sultan Abdillahi Sultan Deria	1939	1967
Sultan Rashid Sultan Abdillahi	1967	1969
Sultan Abdiqadir Sultan Abdillahi	1969	1975
Sultan Mohamed Sultan Abdiqadir	1975	2021
Sultan Daud Sultan Mohamed	2021

Administrative divisions

Regions den districts

Regions	Area (km²)	Capital	Districts
Awdal	16,294	Borama	Baki, Borama, Zeila, Lughaya
Sahil	13,930	Berbera	Sheikh, Berbera
Maroodi Jeeh	17,429	Hargeisa	Gabiley, Hargeisa, Salahlay, Baligubadle
Togdheer	30,426	Burao	Oodweyne, Buhoodle, Burao
Sanaag	54,231	Erigavo	Garadag, El Afweyn, Erigavo, Lasqoray
Sool	39,240	Las Anod	Aynabo, Las Anod, Taleh, Hudun

Geography

Location den habitat

Landscapes of Somaliland
Lamadaya be waterfalls wey dey locate insyd de Cal Madow mountain range.
The Somaliland countryside
View of de Cal Madow Mountains, home to numerous endemic species
Berbera beach
Sacadin, Zeila Archipelago

Demographics

Largest cities anaa towns insyd Somaliland
Rank	Name	Region	Municipal pop.
1	Hargeisa	Marodi Jeh	1,200,000
2	Burao	Togdheer	425,000^[12]
3	Borama	Awdal	300,000^[13]
4	Berbera	Sahil	245,000^[14]
5	Erigavo	Sanaag	180,000^[15]
6	Las Anod	Sool	156,438^[16]
7	Gabiley	Marodi Jeh	141,000^[17]
8	Tog Wajaale	Marodi Jeh	70,450^[18]
9	Aynaba	Sool	50,000^[19]
10	Sheikh	Sahil	35,000^[20]

References

↑ "Somalia/Somaliland: The differences and issues explained | ActionAid UK".
↑ "Somaliland: The Horn of Africa's Breakaway State".
↑ "Security Council Press Statement on Situation in Somalia | UN Press".
↑ "Analysis: Time for jaw-jaw, not war-war in Somaliland". Retrieved 28 March 2016.
↑ Encyclopædia Britannica, The New Encyclopædia Britannica, (Encyclopædia Britannica: 2002), p.835
↑ "STRATO – Domain not available". www.somalilandlaw.com.
↑ Stafford, J. H.; Collenette, C. L. (1931). "The Anglo-Italian Somaliland Boundary". The Geographical Journal. 78 (2): 102–121. Bibcode:1931GeogJ..78..102S. doi:10.2307/1784441. JSTOR 1784441.
↑ Lansford, Tom (24 March 2015). Political Handbook of the World 2015. CQ Press. ISBN 978-1-4833-7155-9.
↑ "Somaliland's population reaches 6.2 million". Horn Diplomat. 19 April 2024. Retrieved 20 April 2024.
↑ "Somaliland population reaches 6.2 million, government reports". www.hiiraan.com. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
↑ The New Encyclopædia Britannica (2002), p. 835.
↑ "Dawladda Hoose ee Burco". www.burao.org. Retrieved 8 February 2024.
↑ "SDF funded Borama Water Supply Expansion Project Commissioned".
↑ Hills, Alice. "Off-road policing: communications technology and government authority in Somaliland" (PDF). Chatham House. Retrieved 8 February 2024.
↑ "Ghost Republic Somaliland". Visura. Retrieved 8 February 2024.
↑ Kluijver, Robert (2020). "The State in Somaliland". Sciences Po Paris: 4. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
↑ "Gabiley: UK aid Promoting Women's Economic Empowerment". GOV.UK.
↑ "The Secrets of Women of Tog Wajaale". Trademark Africa. 26 April 2022. Retrieved 14 May 2023.
↑ Zenker, Olaf; Hoehne, Markus Virgil (2 February 2018). The State and the Paradox of Customary Law in Africa. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-01479-9.
↑ Briggs, Philip Robarts (2019). Somaliland: with the overland route from Addis Ababa via eastern Ethiopia the Bradt Travel Guide (2nd ed.). Chalfont St Peter: Bradt. p. 119. ISBN 978-1-78477-605-3.

Bibliography

Hoehne, Markus V. 2009: Mimesis and mimicry in dynamics of state and identity formation in northern Somalia, Africa 79/2, pp. 252–281.
Hoehne, Markus V. 2007: Puntland and Somaliland clashing in northern Somalia: Who cuts the Gordian knot?, published online on 7 November 2007.
"As Somalia Struggles, Can Neighboring Somaliland Become East Africa's Next Big Commercial Hub?". International Business Times. 18 September 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
Warmington, Eric Herbert (1995). The Commerce Between the Roman Empire and India. South Asia Books. ISBN 81-215-0670-0.
Bradbury, Mark, Becoming Somaliland (James Currey, 2008)
Michael Schoiswohl: Status and (Human Rights) Obligations of Non-Recognized De Facto Regimes in International Law: The Case of 'Somaliland' (Martinus Nijhoff, Leiden 2004), ISBN 90-04-13655-X
Richards, Rebecca (2014). Understanding Statebuilding: Traditional Governance and the Modern State in Somaliland. Surrey: Ashgate. ISBN 978-1-4724-2589-8.

External links

Somaliland for Wikipedia ein sisto projects

Definitions from Wiktionary
Media from Commons
News from Wikinews
Quotations from Wikiquote
Texts from Wikisource
Textbooks from Wikibooks
Resources from Wikiversity
Travel information from Wikivoyage

Wikimedia Atlas of Somaliland
Somaliland web resources GovPubs at de University of Colorado Boulder Libraries provide
Somaliland at Curlie
Government of Somaliland (official website)
Somaliland – BBC Country Profile
Update on the Situation in the Somaliland (archived version)

[1] "Somalia/Somaliland: The differences and issues explained | ActionAid UK".

[2] "Somaliland: The Horn of Africa's Breakaway State".

[3] "Security Council Press Statement on Situation in Somalia | UN Press".

[4] "Analysis: Time for jaw-jaw, not war-war in Somaliland". Retrieved 28 March 2016.

[5] Encyclopædia Britannica, The New Encyclopædia Britannica, (Encyclopædia Britannica: 2002), p.835

[6] "STRATO – Domain not available". www.somalilandlaw.com.

[7] Stafford, J. H.; Collenette, C. L. (1931). "The Anglo-Italian Somaliland Boundary". The Geographical Journal. 78 (2): 102–121. Bibcode:1931GeogJ..78..102S. doi:10.2307/1784441. JSTOR 1784441.

[8] Lansford, Tom (24 March 2015). Political Handbook of the World 2015. CQ Press. ISBN 978-1-4833-7155-9.

[9] "Somaliland's population reaches 6.2 million". Horn Diplomat. 19 April 2024. Retrieved 20 April 2024.

[10] "Somaliland population reaches 6.2 million, government reports". www.hiiraan.com. Retrieved 19 April 2024.

[11] The New Encyclopædia Britannica (2002), p. 835.

[12] "Dawladda Hoose ee Burco". www.burao.org. Retrieved 8 February 2024.

[13] "SDF funded Borama Water Supply Expansion Project Commissioned".

[14] Hills, Alice. "Off-road policing: communications technology and government authority in Somaliland" (PDF). Chatham House. Retrieved 8 February 2024.

[15] "Ghost Republic Somaliland". Visura. Retrieved 8 February 2024.

[16] Kluijver, Robert (2020). "The State in Somaliland". Sciences Po Paris: 4. Retrieved 13 March 2022.

[17] "Gabiley: UK aid Promoting Women's Economic Empowerment". GOV.UK.

[18] "The Secrets of Women of Tog Wajaale". Trademark Africa. 26 April 2022. Retrieved 14 May 2023.

[19] Zenker, Olaf; Hoehne, Markus Virgil (2 February 2018). The State and the Paradox of Customary Law in Africa. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-01479-9.

[20] Briggs, Philip Robarts (2019). Somaliland: with the overland route from Addis Ababa via eastern Ethiopia the Bradt Travel Guide (2nd ed.). Chalfont St Peter: Bradt. p. 119. ISBN 978-1-78477-605-3.

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