Sidalcea
| Sidalcea | |
|---|---|
| |
| Sidalcea malachroides | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malvales |
| Family: | Malvaceae |
| Subfamily: | Malvoideae |
| Tribe: | Malveae |
| Genus: | Sidalcea A. Gray ex Benth. |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Hesperalcea Greene | |
Sidalcea is a genus (approx. 25 species[2][3]) of the botanical family Malvaceae. It contains several species of flowering plants known generally as checkerblooms or checkermallows, or prairie mallows in the United Kingdom. They can be annuals or perennials, some rhizomatous. They are native to West and Central North America.
In mid- to late summer the clumps of toothed basal leaves produce erect flowering stems, with 5-petalled mallow-type flowers in terminal racemes, in shades of pink, white and purple.[4]
Sidalcea is generally diploid (2n = 20), but polyploidy (4n, 6n) also occurs.[2]
Annuality appears to have evolved multiple times (4+) within this genus, although an ancestral annual state with annual paraphyly is also possible. Further, evolution rates within annual Sidalcea lineages appear to be faster than those of perennial lineages, at least when examining nuclear ribosomal DNA (internal and external transcribed spacer regions).[2][3]
Species
[edit]29 species are accepted.[1] (A = annual, P = perennial[2])
- Sidalcea asprella Greene (P)
- Sidalcea calycosa M.E.Jones – annual checkerbloom (A)
- Sidalcea campestris Greene – meadow checkermallow (P)
- Sidalcea candida A.Gray – white checkerbloom (P)
- Sidalcea celata (Jeps.) S.R.Hill
- Sidalcea covillei Greene – Owens Valley sidalcea (P)
- Sidalcea cusickii Piper – Cusick's checkermallow (P)
- Sidalcea diploscypha (Torr. & A.Gray) A.Gray ex Benth. – fringed checkerbloom (A)
- Sidalcea gigantea G.Clifton, R.E.Buck & S.R.Hill (P)
- Sidalcea glaucescens Greene – waxy checkerbloom (P)
- Sidalcea hartwegii A.Gray ex Benth. – valley checkerbloom (A)
- Sidalcea hendersonii S.Watson – Henderson's checkermallow (P)
- Sidalcea hickmanii Greene – chaparral checkerbloom (P)
- Sidalcea hirsuta A.Gray – hairy checkerbloom (A)
- Sidalcea hirtipes C.L.Hitchc. – hairy-stemmed checker-mallow[5] (P)
- Sidalcea keckii Wiggins – Keck's checkerbloom (A)
- Sidalcea malachroides (Hook. & Arn.) A.Gray – mapleleaf checkerbloom (P)
- Sidalcea malviflora (DC.) A.Gray – dwarf checkerbloom
- Sidalcea multifida Greene (P)
- Sidalcea nelsoniana Piper – Nelson's checkermallow (threatened)
- Sidalcea neomexicana A.Gray – Salt Spring checkerbloom (P)
- Sidalcea oregana (Nutt.) A.Gray – Oregon checkerbloom (miniature hollyhock)
- Sidalcea oregana var. calva – Wenatchee Mountains checkermallow
- Sidalcea pedata A.Gray – birdfooted checkerbloom, Big Bear checkerbloom (P)
- Sidalcea ranunculacea Greene – marsh checkerbloom
- Sidalcea reptans Greene – Sierra checkerbloom
- Sidalcea robusta A.Heller – Butte County checkerbloom (P)
- Sidalcea setosa C.L.Hitchc.
- Sidalcea sparsifolia (C.L.Hitchc.) S.R.Hill
- Sidalcea stipularis J.T.Howell & G.H.True – Scadden Flat checkerbloom (P)
Garden cultivars are hybrids between S. candida and S. malviflora. The perennial cultivars "Elsie Heugh",[6] 'Oberon'[7] and "William Smith"[8] have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[9]
Gallery
[edit]-
Sidalcea hirtipes -
Sidalcea malviflora -
Sidalcea cusickii -
cv. ’Elsie Heugh’
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Sidalcea A.Gray ex Benth". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 4 November 2025.
- ^ a b c d Andreasen, Katarina; Baldwin, Bruce G. (2003-03-01). "Reexamination of relationships, habital evolution, and phylogeography of checker mallows (Sidalcea; Malvaceae) based on molecular phylogenetic data". American Journal of Botany. 90 (3): 436–444. doi:10.3732/ajb.90.3.436. ISSN 0002-9122. PMID 21659137.
- ^ a b Andreasen, K.; Baldwin, B. G. (2001-06-01). "Unequal evolutionary rates between annual and perennial lineages of checker mallows (Sidalcea, Malvaceae): evidence from 18S-26S rDNA internal and external transcribed spacers". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 18 (6): 936–944. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003894. ISSN 0737-4038. PMID 11371581.
- ^ RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 978-1405332965.
- ^ "Sidalcea hirtipes C.L. Hitchc. hairy-stemmed checker-mallow" (PDF). Hitchcock 1957 referenced. Washington State Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved March 3, 2016.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ "RHS Plant Selector Sidalcea 'Elsie Heugh' AGM / RHS Gardening". Apps.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 2021-03-09.
- ^ "Sidalcea 'Oberon'". RHS. Retrieved 5 March 2021.
- ^ "RHS Plant Selector Sidalcea 'William Smith' AGM / RHS Gardening". Apps.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 2021-03-09.
- ^ "AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 97. Retrieved 11 November 2018.
- Pink, A. (2004). Gardening for the Million. Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.
- US Fish and Wildlife page on Sidalcea nelsoniana.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Sidalcea at Wikimedia Commons- List of Sidalcea species in California at Calflora
| Authority control databases: National |
|---|
 | This article about Malveae is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |