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Roger I de Montgomery

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Map and location of the Hiémois in medieval Normandy
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Roger I de Montgomery, was the seigneur (lord) of Montgomery and vicomte of the Hiesmois in Normandy.

Roger was the son of Hugh de Montgomery and his wife Josceline.[1] She was the niece of Gunnora, Duchess of Normandy.[2] Roger held the lands of Saint-Germain-de-Montgommery and Sainte-Foy-de-Montgommery. Both had traces of early castles.[3] He became the Viscount of the Heismois about the same time Robert I of Normandy became Duke in 1027.[4] But as the viscount he witnessed a royal charter to the abbey of St. Wandrille c. 1031–1032.[5] Like Duke Robert, Roger began taking properties that belonged to the church.[a] These included (c. 1025–27) half the town of Bernay.[8] He took over a woodland at 'Crispus Fagidus' which belonged to Jumièges Abbey.[8] He put an end to a market[b] held by the same abbey and took it into his own domain.[10] Later he seemed to have a change of heart. He returned the market to the abbey and paid restitution for their losses.[10]

After 1035 Roger seems to have lost favor with the young duke William. He signed an early charter of Duke William simply as 'Roger of Montgomery'.[11] He apparently was no longer the viscount. In 1037 when rebellions broke out, Roger was one of the rebels. When he was defeated he fled to the court of Henry I of France.[12] Roger was forced into exile by Osbern the Steward. Osbern was later killed by William de Montgomery, Roger's son.[13] Where and when Roger died is unknown.[14] In 1068 his wife was still holding lands at Bures and Saint-Pair.

The name of Roger's wife is unknown but he had five sons:[15]

  • Hugh de Montgomery[15]
  • Robert de Montgomery[15]
  • Roger II de Montgomerie, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury.[15]
  • William de Montgomery[15] killed during the minority of duke William[15]
  • Gilbert de Montgomery[15] who in 1063 supposedly poisoned by Mabel de Bellême[15]
  1. ↑ Duke Robert I had rebelled against his brother Duke Richard III. After Robert succeeded Richard as duke, the civil war Robert I had started continued during his reign.[6] There were still many feuds which had started between neighboring barons. At this same time, many of the lesser nobility left Normandy to seek their fortunes in southern Italyd.[6] Possibly in revenge for supporting his brother, Duke Robert I gathered an army and began raiding the lands of his uncle, Robert II, Archbishop of Rouen.[7] Roger and other followers of Duke Robert began following his example.
  2. ↑ Markets were a source of income for monasteries, abbeys and towns. The right to hold markets was usually granted by the king or suzerain.[9]

References

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  1. ↑ K.S.B. Keats-Rohan, 'Aspects of Torigny's Genealogy', Nottingham Medieval Studies, Vol. 37 (1993), p. 24
  2. ↑ Kathleen Thompson, 'The Norman Aristocracy before 1066; The Example of the Montgomerys', Historical research; the Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, Vol. 60, Issue 123 (October 1987), p. 254
  3. ↑ George Edward Cokayne, The Complete Peerage; or, A History of the House of Lords and all its Members from the Earliest Times, Volume XI, ed. Geoffrey H. White (London: The St. Catherine Press, Ltd., 1949), p. 682, n. (b)
  4. ↑ Kathleen Thompson, 'The Norman Aristocracy before 1066; The Example of the Montgomerys', Historical research; the Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, Vol. 60, Issue 123 (October 1987), p. 256
  5. ↑ David C. Douglas, William the Conqueror (Berkeley, Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1964), p. 94
  6. 1 2 David C. Douglas, William the Conqueror (University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1964), p. 32
  7. ↑ David Crouch, The Normans, The History of a Dynasty (Hambledon Continuum, London, New York, 2002), p. 48
  8. 1 2 Kathleen Thompson, 'The Norman Aristocracy before 1066; The Example of the Montgomerys', Historical research; the Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, Vol. 60, Issue 123 (October 1987), p. 255
  9. ↑ Maurice Warwick Beresford, John Kenneth Sinclair St. Joseph, Medieval England: An Aerial Survey (), p. 179
  10. 1 2 Cassandra Potts, Monastic revival and regional identity in early Normandy (Woodbridge, UK: The Boydell Press, 1997), p. 121
  11. ↑ Kathleen Thompson, 'The Norman Aristocracy before 1066; The Example of the Montgomerys', Historical research; the Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, Vol. 60, Issue 123 (October 1987), p. 257
  12. ↑ François Neveux, The Normans; The Conquests that Changed the Face of Europe, trans. Howard Curtis (London: Constable & Robinson Ltd., 2008), p. 112
  13. ↑ Kathleen Thompson, 'The Norman Aristocracy before 1066; The Example of the Montgomerys', Historical research; the Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, Vol. 60, Issue 123 (October 1987), pp. 257-58
  14. ↑ George Edward Cokayne, The Complete Peerage; or, A History of the House of Lords and all its Members from the Earliest Times, Volume XI, ed. Geoffrey H. White (London: The St. Catherine Press, Ltd., 1949), p. 683
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 George Edward Cokayne, The Complete Peerage; or, A History of the House of Lords and all its Members from the Earliest Times, Volume XI, ed. Geoffrey H. White ( London: The St. Catherine Press, Ltd., 1949), pp. 683-84 n. (d)
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