Quantum Resistant Ledger

Quantum Resistant Ledger

Denominations
Symbol	Ω
Code	QRL
Precision	10-9
Subunits
1⁄1,000,000,000	= 1⁄109 = 1 Shor
Development
Original author	Dr. Peter Waterland
White paper	https://github.com/theQRL/Whitepaper/tree/master
Code repository	https://github.com/theQRL
Development status	Active
Developer	The QRL Foundation
Source model	Open source
Ledger
Ledger start	June 26th 2018
Block reward	1.40 QRL (with exponential decay)
Block time	60 seconds
Block explorer	https://explorer.theqrl.org/
Circulating supply	79,190,515 (October 14th 2025)
Supply limit	105,000,000
Valuation
Exchange rate	US$0.16 (September 2024) US$0.90 (December 2024) US$0.64 (September 2025) US$2.10 (October 2025)
Website
Website	theqrl.org

QRL Logo consisting of the Greek capital letter Omega surrounding a stylized atomic nucleus

The Quantum Resistant Ledger (QRL) is a Layer-1 blockchain platform and cryptocurrency developed to address the potential security risks posed by quantum computing. By implementing post-quantum cryptographic algorithms, QRL aims to ensure long-term protection for digital assets.

Overview

QRL was conceived in response to growing concerns that quantum computers could undermine the cryptographic foundations of most existing blockchain networks. Traditional cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Ripple rely on elliptic curve cryptography (ECDSA) and RSA-based methods, which are theoretically vulnerable to quantum attacks through Shor's algorithm.

To mitigate these risks, QRL employs the eXtended Merkle Tree Signature Scheme (XMSS), a hash-based digital signature scheme approved by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for post-quantum cryptography, aiming at making QRL resistant to both classical and quantum computational attacks.

Technology

QRL claims to be one of the first blockchain platforms purpose-built with quantum resistance at its core. This approach of integrating quantum-resistance directly into the core of the blockchain, is supposed to offer the following technical advantages:

• Verifiable Quantum Resistance: QRL’s cryptographic base (XMSS) is NIST-approved, providing stronger assurance than many other post-quantum claims that rely on experimental or hybrid approaches.
• Forward Security: Even if private keys are compromised in the future, past transactions remain secure.
• On-Chain Lattice Key Storage: This enables support for future cryptographic upgrades.
• Post-Quantum Secure Messaging Layer: A communication layer using post-quantum cryptography for secure messaging.

Threat of Quantum Computing to Traditional Cryptocurrencies

The emergence of quantum computing presents a potential long-term challenge to the security of blockchain systems. With the ability to factor large numbers and solve discrete logarithm problems efficiently, experts fear that quantum computers could:

• Compromise wallets by reverse-engineering public keys to extract private keys.
• Forge digital signatures, enabling unauthorized transactions.
• Disrupt consensus algorithms by increasing the computational power needed to solve proof-of-work puzzles.

While these risks are currently theoretical, the cryptographic community widely acknowledges that sufficient advances in quantum computing could endanger existing systems. However, timelines for practical quantum attacks remain uncertain, and some experts suggest that many blockchain networks will have time to transition to quantum-safe algorithms before such attacks become feasible.

Tokenomics

The QRL network has a maximum supply of 105 million native QRL tokens, with an exponential decay in emission over 200 years. As of October 2025, approximately 79.2 million QRL tokens are in circulation, of which 8.45 million are reserved by the QRL Foundation.

Features

Beyond the use of QRL tokens as cryptocurrency, the QRL blockchain can be used to store messages of up to 80 bytes per message on the chain and to notarize documents

It also supports the creation of customized layer-2 tokens without the need for the programming of a smart contract, which can then be transferred piggybacking atop the layer-1 chain.

In addition to that, the QRL platform incorporates a wide variety of API calls that can be used to access data stored on the chain and live network data.

Importance and Competitive Landscape

Quantum computing poses a major challenge to modern cryptographic systems. QRL’s approach of implementing quantum resistance directly in its design has positioned it as one of the first blockchain projects to address this issue directly.

However, competition in the post-quantum space is intensifying and the technology is developing with a very high pace, with multiple research initiatives investigating hybrid cryptographic frameworks and scalable lattice-based protocols that could offer improved efficiency or flexibility. QRL’s approach, while secure, has been noted to come with trade-offs — including larger transaction sizes and increased computational overhead compared to traditional elliptic-curve systems.

Critical Perspectives

Despite its pioneering role, QRL has faced several criticisms and challenges:

• Performance and Scalability: XMSS, while secure, results in larger signatures and slower transaction verification, which can limit scalability.
• Adoption and Ecosystem Growth: QRL’s niche focus on post-quantum security has attracted a technically oriented, but small audience, and mainstream adoption and developer engagement remain limited, despite providing dedicated documentation of tools and APIs.
• Timing of Quantum Threats: Some experts argue that QRL may be addressing a problem that is not yet urgent, as practical quantum computers capable of breaking current cryptography do not yet exist.
• Competition from Established Networks: Major blockchain platforms such as Bitcoin and Ethereum are exploring quantum-safe upgrade paths, which could diminish QRL’s early-mover advantage.

These perspectives underline that while QRL represents a meaningful contribution toward post-quantum security, its long-term success will depend on balancing theoretical protection with practical performance and ecosystem growth.

Further Applications

League of Entropy

In late 2020, QRL joined the League of Entropy as a mainnet member, which operates mainnet nodes to produce verifiable public randomness with other members such as Cloudflare, the Ethereum Foundation and Kudelski Security, a subsidiary of Kudelski Group.

Lockheed Martin Patent Application

In Q3 2023, Lockheed Martin filed a US patent for secure communications that incorporates parts of QRL's code and uses it for encryption and data communication. The patent application was published in Q1 2024 under the patentID US20240048369A1. While not using the blockchain platform itself, it uses parts of the same code and references QRL by name.

As of October 2025, the patent application is still pending.

Current Status

As of October 2025, QRL is an active and technically robust blockchain project. Its native token 'QRL' is listed on several cryptocurrency exchanges.

See also

• Post-quantum cryptography
• National Institute of Standards and Technology