Manzo

manzo
	Eastern Orthodox saint titles (en) , sana'a da title of authority (en)
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	believer (en)
Field of this occupation (en)	prophecy (en) da prophecy (en)
Product or material produced (en)	prophecy (en)
Depicted by (en)	Sala dei Profeti e delle Sibille (en) , Prophets and Patriarchs (en) , Reliefs in Orsanmichele (en) , Hall of the Prophets (en) da Maestà and a prophet (en)
Model item (en)	seer (en) da Isa Almasihu

A addinance, Manzo ko Ma'aiki (namiji ko mace) :Mutum ne da ake dauka cewa yana da alaka da wani ubangiji kuma yana isar da sakon wannan ubangijin ne, wanda yake matsayin dan sako tsakanin ubangijinsu zuwa ga mutane kuma ya rika isar da sakonni ko koyarwa daga wannan ubangijin.^[1] ^[2]Ana kiran wadannan sakonnin da wannan manzo ke kawo wa da manzanci ko wahayi.

A musulunce kuwa, Allah ne ke aiko manzo ga al'umma ko dukkan Duniya baki ɗaya Dan suyi gargadi da janyo al'umma daga ɓata. Manzo na ƙarshe da Allah ya aiko shine Manzon Allah Annabi Muhammad tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata agareshi da iyalansa da sahabbansa.

Alqalumma

Kalmar Ingilishi ita ce fassarar kalmar Helenanci da aka samo daga pro (kafin/zuwa) da phesein (don faɗa); don haka, προφήτης (prophḗtēs) mutum ne da ke isar da saƙon Allah ga mutane, gami da annabta abubuwan da za su faru a nan gaba lokaci-lokaci. A wata fassara ta daban, tana nufin lauya ko mai magana. Ana amfani da ita don fassara kalmar Ibrananci נָבִיא (nāvî) a cikin Septuagint da kalmar Larabci נבי (nabī). W.F. Albright ya yi nuni ga Akkadian Nabu don asalin waɗannan kalmomin Ibrananci ( נָבִיא (nāvî) da Larabci נבי (nabī) kalmomi^[3].

Akkadian nabû yana nufin "mai shela" ko "mai izini", ^[4] wanda aka samo daga tushen Semitic n-b-y ko nbʾ.^[5]. Yana da alaƙa da Classical Syriac: ܢܒܝܐ, romanized: nəɓiyyā, Larabci: נבי, romanized: nabiyy, da Ibrananci: נביא, romanized: nāḇī,^[6] duk ma'anar 'annabi'.

A cikin Ibrananci, kalmar נָבִיא (nāvî), "mai magana", a al'adance ana fassara shi da "annabi". Rushe na biyu na Tanakh, Nevi'im, ya keɓe ga annabawan Ibraniyawa. Wataƙila an kwatanta ma’anar navi a Kubawar Shari’a 18:18, ^[7]

Asali

Babban labarin: addinin Sumerian

Duba kuma: Nabu

Late Assuriyawa hatimi. Mai bauta tsakanin Nabu da Marduk, suna tsaye a kan bawansu dragon Mušḫuššu, karni na takwas KZ.

Kafin zuwan Zoroastrianism da al'adar annabci da Zoroaster ya kafa, tsoffin wayewa daban-daban suna da mutane waɗanda suka yi aiki a matsayin masu shiga tsakani tsakanin ɗan adam da allahntaka. A zamanin Sumer, alal misali, adadi irin su "ensi" ko "lugal" sun cika ayyuka daidai da annabawa, suna ba da jagoranci da fassarar nufin Allah ta hanyar al'adu, al'amura, da addu'o'i. An dauki ensi a matsayin wakilin abin bauta na birni-jihar.^[8] Ayyukan lugal za su haɗa da wasu ayyukan biki da na al'ada, yin sulhu a cikin rigingimun kan iyaka, da tsaron soja daga maƙiyan waje.^[9]^[10] Ƙimar Lagash wani lokaci tana nufin allahn majiɓincin birnin, Ningirsu, a matsayin lugal ("shugaba"). Duk abubuwan da ke sama suna da alaƙa da yuwuwar halin firist ko sacral na lakabin ensi^[11] musamman en (kalmar ƙarshe ta ci gaba da zaɓe firistoci a lokuta masu zuwa).

Zoroastrianism

Babban labarin: Zoroaster

Hoton Mithraic na ƙarni na 3 na Zoroaster da aka samo a Dura Europos, Siriya daga Franz Cumont

Zoroastrianism yana da matsayi mai mahimmanci wajen tsara tunanin annabawa da annabci. Wanda ake girmamawa Zoroaster (ko Zarathustra) ya kafa shi a tsohuwar Farisa a kusan ƙarni na 6 KZ, Zoroastrianism ya gabatar da ra'ayoyi na asali waɗanda suka yi tasiri sosai a al'adun addini da na falsafa na gaba, musamman a cikin sifofinsa na annabci.^[12]

A cikin zuciyar imani na Zoroastrian shine manufar wani babban abin bautawa guda ɗaya, Ahura Mazda, wanda ya tsunduma cikin gwagwarmaya ta har abada da dakarun duhu da hargitsi, wanda Angra Mainyu ya ƙunshi. Zoroaster, a matsayinsa na farkon annabin wannan bangaskiya, ya sami ayoyin Allah da wahayi daga Ahura Mazda, wanda ya kafa tushen Avesta, nassi mai tsarki na Zoroastrianism^[13].

Matsayin Zoroaster na annabi ya kafa samfuri ga shugabannin addini da masu hangen nesa na gaba. Ya bayyana ka'idodin tauhidi, da ɗabi'a biyu, da ra'ayin yaƙin duniya tsakanin nagarta da mugunta, ba wai kawai ya shafi yanayin addini na Farisa ta dā ba, har ma da hadisai daga baya kamar Yahudanci, Kiristanci, Musulunci, da Thelema.^[14].

Yahudanci

Duba kuma: Newi'im da Annabawa a cikin Yahudanci

Malachi, ɗaya daga cikin annabawan Isra'ila na ƙarshe, wanda Duccio di Buoninsegna ya zana, c. 1310 (Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, Siena Cathedral). “Shi [Mashiach] za ya juyo zukatan iyaye zuwa ga ’ya’yansu, zukatan yara kuma ga iyayensu.” (Malachi 4:6)^[15]

Wasu misalan annabawa a cikin Tanakh sun haɗa da Ibrahim, Musa, Maryamu, Ishaya, Sama'ila, Ezekiel, Malachi, da Ayuba. Ana daukar Musa a matsayin annabi mafi girma a cikin addinin Yahudanci.^[16]^[17] A wani lokaci a lokacin tafiyar Fitowa, “ruhu da ke bisa Musa” an ba da shi ga dattawa saba’in, waɗanda kuma suka iya yin annabci na lokaci ɗaya kawai, amma galibi ba su iya yin annabci ba.^[18] Musa ya bayyana begen cewa “dukan mutanen Ubangiji” za su iya zama annabawa.^[19]Ban da rubutawa da faɗin saƙon Allah, Ba’isra’ile ko Yahudiya nevi’im (“masu magana”, “annabawa”) sukan yi misalai na annabci a rayuwarsu.^[20] Alal misali, don ya bambanta rashin biyayyar mutanen da na Rekabawa, Allah ya sa Irmiya ya gayyaci Rekabawa su sha ruwan anab, domin sun ƙi bin umurnin kakansu. Rekabawa sun ƙi, abin da Allah ya yaba musu.^[21]^[22] Wasu misalan annabci da Irmiya ya yi sun haɗa da binne bel na lilin don ya lalace don ya kwatanta yadda Allah yake nufin ya ɓata girmankan Yahuda.^[23]^[24]^[25]

Annabawa da Manzannin Allah waɗanda aka ambata a cikin Alqur'ani mai girma

Ga Annabawa da Manzanni da suka zo a cikin Alqur'ani mai girma kamar haka:

Adam AS
Nuhu AS
Lud AS
Hud AS
Salihu AS
Yunus AS
Zakariyya AS
Dawuda AS
Ayuba AS
Yahya AS
Yaquba AS
Ibrahim AS
Ishaq AS
Isma'il AS
Yusuf AS
Sulayman AS
Annabi Musa AS
Isa AS
Shu'aibu AS
Muhammad S A W

Manazarta

↑ "prophet", The Free Dictionary, retrieved 2021-12-19
↑ "prophet – Definition from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary". Archived from the original on 2012-06-28. Retrieved 2008-04-10.
↑ Fleming, Daniel E. (1993). "The Etymological Origins of the Hebrew nābîʾ: The One Who Invokes God". The Catholic Biblical Quarterly. 55 (2): 217–224. JSTOR 43721226.
↑ Richter, Thomas (2006). "Nabû". Brill’s New Pauly. Brill. Retrieved 2022-10-14.
↑ "Semitic Roots Appendix". The American Heritage Dictionary. Retrieved 6 December 2019. nbʾ To name, proclaim, summon."
↑ p.1571, Alcalay. An alternative translation of this Hebrew word is derived from an Akkadian word "Nabu," meaning to call. The Hebrew "Navi" has a passive sense and means "the one who has been called" (see HALOT, p.661).
↑ Deuteronomy 18:18
↑ Westenholz, Aage (2002). Hansen, Morgens Herman (ed.). "The Sumerian city-state: A comparative study of six city-state cultures: an investigation conducted by the Copenhagen Polis Center". Historisk-filosofiske Skrifter (27). Copenhagen: C.A. Reitzels Forlag, 23-42.: 34–35.
↑ Saggs, H. W. F. (1988). The Greatness that was Babylon: A Survey of the Ancient Civilization of the Tigris-Euphrates Valley (rev. ed.). Sidgwick & Jackson. ISBN 978-0283996238.
↑ Plamen Rusev, Mesalim, Lugal Na Kish: Politicheska Istoriia Na Ranen Shumer (XXVIII-XXVI V. Pr. N. E.), Faber, 2001 (in Bulgarian) Mesalim, Lugal of Kish. Political History of Early Sumer (XXVIII–XXVI century BC.)
↑ Glassner, Jean-Jacques, 2000: Les petits etats Mésopotamiens à la fin du 4e et au cours du 3e millénaire. In: Hansen, Mogens Herman (ed.) A Comparative Study of Thirty City-State Cultures. The Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, Copenhagen., P.48
↑ Boyce (2001)
↑ Boyce (1984)
↑ Saunders, John Joseph (2002). "II The Prophet". A History of Medieval Islam. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-93005-0.
↑ "Deuteronomy 34:10". www.sefaria.org. Retrieved 2024-05-22.
↑ Deuteronomy 34:10". www.sefaria.org. Retrieved 2024-05-22.
↑ Maimonides, 13 principles of faith, 7th principle
↑ Numbers 11:25–26
↑ Numbers 11:29
↑ All the Parables of the Bible, Herbert Lockyer, Zondervan, 1963.
↑ Jeremiah 35:13–16, The Jewish Study Bible, Oxford University Press, 2004
↑ Commentary on Jeremiah 35, The Jewish Study Bible, Oxford University Press, 2004
↑ Jeremiah 13, The Jewish Study Bible, Oxford University Press, 2004
↑ Commentary on Jeremiah 13, Jeremiah, The Anchor Bible, Doubleday, 1984
↑ Jeremiah, Lamentations, Tremper Longman, Hendrickson Publishers, 2008

[1] "prophet", The Free Dictionary, retrieved 2021-12-19

[2] "prophet – Definition from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary". Archived from the original on 2012-06-28. Retrieved 2008-04-10.

[3] Fleming, Daniel E. (1993). "The Etymological Origins of the Hebrew nābîʾ: The One Who Invokes God". The Catholic Biblical Quarterly. 55 (2): 217–224. JSTOR 43721226.

[4] Richter, Thomas (2006). "Nabû". Brill’s New Pauly. Brill. Retrieved 2022-10-14.

[5] "Semitic Roots Appendix". The American Heritage Dictionary. Retrieved 6 December 2019. nbʾ To name, proclaim, summon."

[6] .1571, Alcalay. An alternative translation of this Hebrew word is derived from an Akkadian word "Nabu," meaning to call. The Hebrew "Navi" has a passive sense and means "the one who has been called" (see HALOT, p.661).

[7] Deuteronomy 18:18

[8] Westenholz, Aage (2002). Hansen, Morgens Herman (ed.). "The Sumerian city-state: A comparative study of six city-state cultures: an investigation conducted by the Copenhagen Polis Center". Historisk-filosofiske Skrifter (27). Copenhagen: C.A. Reitzels Forlag, 23-42.: 34–35.

[9] Saggs, H. W. F. (1988). The Greatness that was Babylon: A Survey of the Ancient Civilization of the Tigris-Euphrates Valley (rev. ed.). Sidgwick & Jackson. ISBN 978-0283996238.

[10] Plamen Rusev, Mesalim, Lugal Na Kish: Politicheska Istoriia Na Ranen Shumer (XXVIII-XXVI V. Pr. N. E.), Faber, 2001 (in Bulgarian) Mesalim, Lugal of Kish. Political History of Early Sumer (XXVIII–XXVI century BC.)

[11] Glassner, Jean-Jacques, 2000: Les petits etats Mésopotamiens à la fin du 4e et au cours du 3e millénaire. In: Hansen, Mogens Herman (ed.) A Comparative Study of Thirty City-State Cultures. The Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, Copenhagen., P.48

[12] Boyce (2001)

[13] Boyce (1984)

[14] Saunders, John Joseph (2002). "II The Prophet". A History of Medieval Islam. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-93005-0.

[15] "Deuteronomy 34:10". www.sefaria.org. Retrieved 2024-05-22.

[16] Deuteronomy 34:10". www.sefaria.org. Retrieved 2024-05-22.

[17] Maimonides, 13 principles of faith, 7th principle

[18] Numbers 11:25–26

[19] Numbers 11:29

[20] All the Parables of the Bible, Herbert Lockyer, Zondervan, 1963.

[21] Jeremiah 35:13–16, The Jewish Study Bible, Oxford University Press, 2004

[22] Commentary on Jeremiah 35, The Jewish Study Bible, Oxford University Press, 2004

[23] Jeremiah 13, The Jewish Study Bible, Oxford University Press, 2004

[24] Commentary on Jeremiah 13, Jeremiah, The Anchor Bible, Doubleday, 1984

[25] Jeremiah, Lamentations, Tremper Longman, Hendrickson Publishers, 2008

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manzo
Eastern Orthodox saint titles ^(en) , sana'a da title of authority ^(en)

Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	believer ^(en)
Field of this occupation ^(en)	prophecy ^(en) da prophecy ^(en)
Product or material produced ^(en)	prophecy ^(en)
Depicted by ^(en)	Sala dei Profeti e delle Sibille ^(en) , Prophets and Patriarchs ^(en) , Reliefs in Orsanmichele ^(en) , Hall of the Prophets ^(en) da Maestà and a prophet ^(en)
Model item ^(en)	seer ^(en) da Isa Almasihu