JSON

JSON（全名係英文：JavaScript Object Notation，意即 Javascript 物件表記法）係由 JavaScript 演變出嚟嘅一種檔案格式^[1]，常用於網絡嘅數據交流；JSON 會用人類睇得明嘅文字，儲起同傳達包含一堆名值對同陣列（或者第啲做咗序列化嘅數值）嘅數據物件^[2]。

JSON 主要用嚟喺唔同系統之間傳送數據，例如喺網站同伺服器之間傳送用戶資料、設定資訊、API 回應等等。到咗依家，幾乎所有程式語言都支援 JSON，包括 Python、C#、Java、PHP 同 R 等。

用 JSON 儲住數據嘅快勞，會用 .json 做尾。

基礎概念

JSON 嘅基本結構會包含一大堆嘅名值對，好似以下噉：

{"名": "阿明", "歲數": 30, "性別": "男"}

當中啲值可以係唔同嘅資料類型，唔洗一定係整數^[3]。

好似以下噉，就係用 JSON 儲住咗一個人嘅個人資料：

{
  "名": "亦斯", 
  "姓": "劉",
  "係咪在生": 係,
  "歲數": 30,
  "地址": {
    "街地址": "21 2nd Street",
    "城市": "New York",
    "州份": "NY",
    "postalCode": "10021-3100"
  },
  "電話冧把": [
    {
      "類型": "屋企",
      "號碼": "212 555-1234"
    },
    {
      "類型": "office",
      "號碼": "646 555-4567"
    }
  ],
  "仔女": [],
  "配偶": null
}

應用範圍

因為 JSON 格式清晰、體積細、同時可讀又易於用電腦自動解讀，好多領域嘅工作者都會用佢嚟交換資料，諸如流動應用程式、數據分析同埋遊戲開發等都有機會用到以 JSON 形式儲起嘅數據。

參見

引述

↑ "Unofficial Java History". Edu4Java. 26 5月 2014. 原著喺26 5月 2014歸檔. 喺30 8月 2019搵到. In 1996, Macromedia launches Flash technology which occupies the space left by Java and ActiveX, becoming the de facto standard for animation on the client side.
↑ ECMA-404: The JSON Data Interchange Format (1st ed.). Geneva: ECMA International. October 2013.
↑ ECMA-404, 2nd ed., p. 3: "The JSON syntax does not impose any restrictions on the strings used as names, does not require that name strings be unique, and does not assign any significance to the ordering of name/value pairs."

[Edu4java,_2014-1] "Unofficial Java History". Edu4Java. 26 5月 2014. 原著喺26 5月 2014歸檔. 喺30 8月 2019搵到. In 1996, Macromedia launches Flash technology which occupies the space left by Java and ActiveX, becoming the de facto standard for animation on the client side.

[2] ECMA-404: The JSON Data Interchange Format (1st ed.). Geneva: ECMA International. October 2013.

[3] ECMA-404, 2nd ed., p. 3: "The JSON syntax does not impose any restrictions on the strings used as names, does not require that name strings be unique, and does not assign any significance to the ordering of name/value pairs."

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