Halibut

Halibut atau pila-pila ialah nama umum bagi tiga spesies ikan sebelah dalam keluarga sebelah bermata kanan. Di beberapa kawasan, biarpun agak jarang, spesies-spesies ikan sebelah besar yang lain turut dipanggil halibut atau pila-pila. Halibut ialah ikan dasar laut dan sangat dihargai sebagai ikan makan serta ikan sukan.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Peristilahan

Halibut terbit daripada perkataan Inggeris, haly (suci) dan butte (ikan sebelah) disebabkan popularitinya pada hari cuti Katolik.^[5] Pila-pila atau pepila pula adalah perkataan Melayu Brunei yang merujuk kepada ikan tersebut atau pada mana-mana jenis ikan sebelah.^[6] Ia turut dipakai pada spesies togok sebelah.

Spesies

Analisis kladistik berdasarkan genetik dan morfologi pada 2018 menunjukkan bahawa pila-pila Greenland mencapah daripada garis keturunan yang melahirkan pila-pila Atlantik dan Pasifik. Leluhur bersama ketiga-tiga spesies ini pula mencapah daripada garis keturunan yang melahirkan genus Verasper, yang merangkumi pila-pila bintik dan sebelah sirip palang.^[7]

Genus Hippoglossus
- Halibut atau pila-pila Atlantik, Hippoglossus hippoglossus – hidup di Atlantik Utara
- Halibut atau pila-pila Pasifik, Hippoglossus stenolepis – hidup di Lautan Pasifik Utara
Genus Reinhardtius
- Halibut atau pila-pila Greenland, Reinhardtius hippoglossoides – hidup di lautan dingin Atlantik utara, Pasifik utara dan Artik

Spesies lain yang dipanggil "pila-pila"

Keluarga sama (Pleuronectidae), iaitu pila-pila sebenar
- Pila-pila tembak, Eopsetta grigorjewi
- Pila-pila bintik, Verasper variegatus
Keluarga Paralichthyidae
- Sebelah California, Paralichthys californicus – terkadang dipanggil "pila-pila California"
- Sebelah zaitun, Paralichthys olivaceus – terkadang dipanggil "pila-pila Korea"
Keluarga Psettodidae
- Togok sebelah, Psettodes erumei – terkadang dipanggil "pila-pila"
Keluarga Carangidae (keluarga rambai, bukan ikan sebelah)
- Bawal hitam, Parastromateus niger – terkadang dipanggil "pila-pila Australia"

Rujukan

^ Uncle Ray (10 September 1941). "Right Eye of Halibut Moves Over to the left Side of Head". The Pittsburgh Press. Dicapai pada 4 October 2010. The name "halibut" means "holy flatfish". It came from halibut being a popular food fish on holy days in England during early times.
^ Moira Hodgson (11 November 1990). "FOOD; Putting a Spotlight on Halibut". The New York Times. Dicapai pada 4 October 2010. In England, halibut has always been popular...
^ "Follow Rules to Serve Fish Without Odor". The Milwaukee Journal. 11 February 1954. Dicapai pada 4 October 2010. Fish can provide an economical main dish. Have boiled, baked or fried fish, or like most folks, choose cod, halibut, or ocean perch. They're the three most popular fish varieties^{[pautan mati kekal]}
^ Ted Whipp (8 April 2009). "Fish and chips on Good Friday's menu". The Windsor Star. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 26 August 2012. Dicapai pada 4 October 2010. He and his son ... expect hungry hordes, especially for the halibut, the most popular fish on the menu.
^ Uncle Ray (10 September 1941). "Right Eye of Halibut Moves Over to the left Side of Head". The Pittsburgh Press. Dicapai pada 4 October 2010. The name "halibut" means "holy flatfish". It came from halibut being a popular food fish on holy days in England during early times.
^ "pila-pila". Istilah MABBIM. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. 2012.
^ Vinnikov, Kirill A.; Thomson, Robert C.; Munroe, Thomas A. (2018). "Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 125: 147–162. Bibcode:2018MolPE.125..147V. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.03.014. PMID 29535031. S2CID 5009041.

Bacaan lanjut

Clover, Charles. 2004. The End of the Line: How overfishing is changing the world and what we eat. Ebury Press, London. ISBN 0-09-189780-7
FishWatch – Pacific Halibut, Fisheries, US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2019

Pautan luar

International Pacific Halibut Commission Diarkibkan 13 Februari 2010 di Wayback Machine
Alaska Department of Fish & Game

[pittsburghpress2-1] Uncle Ray (10 September 1941). "Right Eye of Halibut Moves Over to the left Side of Head". The Pittsburgh Press. Dicapai pada 4 October 2010. The name "halibut" means "holy flatfish". It came from halibut being a popular food fish on holy days in England during early times.

[2] Moira Hodgson (11 November 1990). "FOOD; Putting a Spotlight on Halibut". The New York Times. Dicapai pada 4 October 2010. In England, halibut has always been popular...

[3] "Follow Rules to Serve Fish Without Odor". The Milwaukee Journal. 11 February 1954. Dicapai pada 4 October 2010. Fish can provide an economical main dish. Have boiled, baked or fried fish, or like most folks, choose cod, halibut, or ocean perch. They're the three most popular fish varieties^{[pautan mati kekal]}

[4] Ted Whipp (8 April 2009). "Fish and chips on Good Friday's menu". The Windsor Star. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 26 August 2012. Dicapai pada 4 October 2010. He and his son ... expect hungry hordes, especially for the halibut, the most popular fish on the menu.

[pittsburghpress-5] Uncle Ray (10 September 1941). "Right Eye of Halibut Moves Over to the left Side of Head". The Pittsburgh Press. Dicapai pada 4 October 2010. The name "halibut" means "holy flatfish". It came from halibut being a popular food fish on holy days in England during early times.

[6] "pila-pila". Istilah MABBIM. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. 2012.

[7] Vinnikov, Kirill A.; Thomson, Robert C.; Munroe, Thomas A. (2018). "Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 125: 147–162. Bibcode:2018MolPE.125..147V. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.03.014. PMID 29535031. S2CID 5009041.

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