Bipartite patella
| Bipartite patella | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Patella bipartita |
 | |
| Bipartite patella as seen from front, right knee left | |
| Specialty | Medical genetics  |
Bipartite patella is a condition where the patella, or kneecap, is composed of two separate bones. Instead of fusing together as normally occurs in early childhood, the bones of the patella remain separated.[1] The condition occurs in approximately 1–2% of the population,[2][3] and is equally likely to occur in males and females.[2][3] It is often asymptomatic and most commonly diagnosed as an incidental finding,[1][3][4] with about 2% of cases becoming symptomatic.[2][3]
The overall incidence of bipartite patella in the general population is approximately 1–2%, and it occurs equally in males and females The most common form is asymptomatic and usually discovered incidentally during knee imaging performed for unrelated reasons. Only about 2% of cases become symptomatic, presenting with anterior knee pain, local tenderness, or activity-related discomfort. The pathophysiology of symptom onset is not fully understood, but repetitive microtrauma at the fibrocartilaginous synchondrosis between the fragments and the resulting local inflammation are considered key mechanisms. Therefore, symptomatic bipartite patella is often regarded as an overuse syndrome rather than a true structural defect.[5]
Saupe introduced a classification system for Bipartite Patella back in 1921. Type 1: Fragment is located at the bottom of the kneecap (5% of cases) Type 2: Fragment is located on the lateral side of the kneecap (20% of cases) Type 3: Fragment is located on the upper lateral border of the kneecap (75% of cases)[6]
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Kneecap (Patella) Injury". About.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
- ^ a b c "Bipartite Patella - Pediatrics - Orthobullets.com". Orthobullets.com. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
- ^ a b c d "Bipartite Patella | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org". Orthobullets.com. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
- ^ Atesok K, Doral MN, Lowe J, Finsterbush A (2008). "Symptomatic bipartite patella: treatment alternatives". J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 16 (8). Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons: 455–61. doi:10.5435/00124635-200808000-00004. PMID 18664634. S2CID 35458401.
- ^ Yuncu, Murat; Egerci, Omer Faruk; Dogruoz, Firat (2024). "Surgical Treatment of Symptomatic Bipartite Patella: A Case Report and Review of the Current Literature". Sports Traumatology & Arthroscopy. 1 (1): 33. doi:10.14744/start.2024.13032.
- ^ "Bipartite Patella - Knee Conditions - Knee-Pain-Explained.com". Knee-Pain-Explained.com.
External links
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