Италия

Италия,^[a] официалго Итал Республика,^[b] буго бакъдасеб ва бакътӀерхьул Европалъул пачалихъ.^[c] Эб гӀуцӀула Ракьдагьоркьоесеб ралъдалӀе буссараб бащдачӀинкӀиллъуца, жиндир хьундасеб ракъдалаб гӀорхъода Алпалгун, гьединго 800-ниги чӀинкӀиллъуцаги, гьенирго гъорлӀ руго Сицилияги Сардинияги. Италиялъул ракъдалаб гӀурхъи буго Парансиялъулгун бакътӀерхьул рахъалда; Швейцариялъулгун ва Австриялъулгун хьундасеб рахъалда; Словениялъулгун бакъбаккуда; ва гьединго Ватиканалъулги Сан Мариноялъулги кӀиго энклавазулгун. Эб буго гӀатӀилъул рахъалъ анцӀабилеб кӀудияб пачалихъ Европалда, 301,340 km² (116,350 sq mi) бугеб, ва Европалъул Цолъиялда гъорлӀ ругезул лъабабилеб бищун чагӀи цӀикӀкӀараб, гӀагарго 60 миллион рикӀкӀенгун. Италиялъул тахшагьар ва бищун кӀудияб шагьар буго Рома; цогидал аслиял урбаниял районаз гъорлӀе рачуна Милан, Неапол, Турин, Палермо, Болоня, Флоренция, Генуа, Венеция.

Нотаби

^ итал: Italia, абул куц [iˈtaːlja]
^ итал: Repubblica Italiana, абул куц [reˈpubblika itaˈljaːna]
^ Италия гӀемериселъ гъорлӀе бачуна БакътӀерхьул Европалде.^[1]

Референсал

^
Академикиял хӀалтӀабаз Италия рехсола бактӀерхьул европияб пачалихъ гӀадин:
- Hancock, M. Donald; Conradt, David P.; Peters, B. Guy; Safran, William; Zariski, Raphael (11 новембер 1998). Politics in Western Europe: an introduction to the politics of the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Sweden, and the European Union (2nd ред.). Chatham House Publishers. ISBN 978-1-5664-3039-5. list of Western European countries Italy.
- Ugo, Ascoli; Emmanuele, Pavolini (2016). The Italian welfare state in a European perspective: A comparative analysis. Policy Press. ISBN 978-1-4473-3444-6.
- Zloch-Christy, Iliana (1991). East-West Financial Relations: Current Problems and Future Prospects. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-5213-9530-4. Щвей 29 септембер 2019. list of Western European countries Italy.
- Clout, Hugh D. (1989). Western Europe: Geographical Perspectives. Longman Scientific & Technical. ISBN 978-0-5820-1772-6. Щвей 29 септембер 2019.
- Furlong, Paul (2003). Modern Italy: Representation and Reform. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-1349-7983-7. Щвей 29 септембер 2019.
- Hanf, Kenneth; Jansen, Alf-Inge (2014). Governance and Environment in Western Europe: Politics, Policy and Administration. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-3178-7917-6. Щвей 29 септембер 2019.

Библиография

Cushman-Roisin, Benoit; Gačić, Miroslav; Poulain, Pierre-Marie (2001). Physical oceanography of the Adriatic Sea. Springer. ISBN 978-1-4020-0225-0.
"FastiOnline: A database of archaeological excavations since the year 2000". International Association of Classical Archaeology (AIAC). 2004–2007. Щвей 6 март 2010.
Hibberd, Matthew. The media in Italy (McGraw-Hill International, 2007).
Sarti, Roland, ed. Italy: A reference guide from the Renaissance to the present (2004).
Sassoon, Donald. Contemporary Italy: politics, economy and society since 1945 (Routledge, 2014).
"Italy History – Italian History Index" (мацӀ: итальянский гин английский). European University Institute, The World Wide Web Virtual Library. 1995–2010. Архивация оригинал, 15 август 2021. Щвей 6 март 2010.

43°N 12°E / 43°N 12°E / 43; 12

[1] итал: Italia, абул куц [iˈtaːlja] ^ⓘ

[2] итал: Repubblica Italiana, абул куц [reˈpubblika itaˈljaːna]

[4] Италия гӀемериселъ гъорлӀе бачуна БакътӀерхьул Европалде.^[1]

[3] Академикиял хӀалтӀабаз Италия рехсола бактӀерхьул европияб пачалихъ гӀадин:
Hancock, M. Donald; Conradt, David P.; Peters, B. Guy; Safran, William; Zariski, Raphael (11 новембер 1998). Politics in Western Europe: an introduction to the politics of the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Sweden, and the European Union (2nd ред.). Chatham House Publishers. ISBN 978-1-5664-3039-5. list of Western European countries Italy.
Ugo, Ascoli; Emmanuele, Pavolini (2016). The Italian welfare state in a European perspective: A comparative analysis. Policy Press. ISBN 978-1-4473-3444-6.
Zloch-Christy, Iliana (1991). East-West Financial Relations: Current Problems and Future Prospects. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-5213-9530-4. Щвей 29 септембер 2019. list of Western European countries Italy.
Clout, Hugh D. (1989). Western Europe: Geographical Perspectives. Longman Scientific & Technical. ISBN 978-0-5820-1772-6. Щвей 29 септембер 2019.
Furlong, Paul (2003). Modern Italy: Representation and Reform. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-1349-7983-7. Щвей 29 септембер 2019.
Hanf, Kenneth; Jansen, Alf-Inge (2014). Governance and Environment in Western Europe: Politics, Policy and Administration. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-3178-7917-6. Щвей 29 септембер 2019.

[5] Hancock, M. Donald; Conradt, David P.; Peters, B. Guy; Safran, William; Zariski, Raphael (11 новембер 1998). Politics in Western Europe: an introduction to the politics of the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Sweden, and the European Union (2nd ред.). Chatham House Publishers. ISBN 978-1-5664-3039-5. list of Western European countries Italy.

[6] Ugo, Ascoli; Emmanuele, Pavolini (2016). The Italian welfare state in a European perspective: A comparative analysis. Policy Press. ISBN 978-1-4473-3444-6.

[7] Zloch-Christy, Iliana (1991). East-West Financial Relations: Current Problems and Future Prospects. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-5213-9530-4. Щвей 29 септембер 2019. list of Western European countries Italy.

[8] Clout, Hugh D. (1989). Western Europe: Geographical Perspectives. Longman Scientific & Technical. ISBN 978-0-5820-1772-6. Щвей 29 септембер 2019.

[9] Furlong, Paul (2003). Modern Italy: Representation and Reform. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-1349-7983-7. Щвей 29 септембер 2019.

[10] Hanf, Kenneth; Jansen, Alf-Inge (2014). Governance and Environment in Western Europe: Politics, Policy and Administration. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-3178-7917-6. Щвей 29 септембер 2019.

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