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Alfred Nobel (October 21, 1833, in Stockholm - 1896) invented dynamite in 1867. In his last will, he used his enormous fortune to institute the Nobel Prize.
Alfred Nobel had a brother, who died in an explosion in one of his nitroglycerine factories. It was in part these frequent explosions at his explosive factories that drove him to develop dynamite, a more stable way of handling the highly volatile nitroglycerine.
He also invented other explosives, all intended for peaceful non-military use.
- The Nobel web site [1]